Heat 1 tablespoon of olive oil in a large pot over medium-high heat.
Add the chopped onion and ground beef. Cook, breaking it apart with a wooden spoon, until browned and no longer pink, about 5 minutes.
Stir in minced garlic, paprika, Italian seasoning, salt, and pepper. Cook until fragrant, about 1 minute.
Pour in the diced tomatoes with their juices, tomato sauce, and broth. Stir to combine and bring the mixture to a boil.
Reduce the heat to medium-low, cover, and let simmer for 5 minutes.
Add the whole-wheat elbow macaroni. Cook uncovered, stirring occasionally, until the pasta is tender, about 6–9 minutes.
Remove from heat and let the pot sit for 5 minutes to allow the flavors to meld.
Serve in bowls, topping each portion with grated Parmesan cheese if desired.